API TR 981 PDF

API TR 981 – Thermal Expansion Under Load and Creep of Refractories – An Evaluation and Comparison of Testing Methods, First Edition

This report documents the results of thermal expansion under load (TEUL) and creep in compression testing conducted by ASTM C832 and DIN 993–9 (same test as ISO 3187).

The prime objective for this study is to determine if one or both tests should replace the ASTM C16 method. ASTM C16, modified from 1.5-hour to 100-hour hold, has been widely used to qualify brick for sulfur reaction furnace use. In addition to deformation after 100 hours, the creep tests will provide additional information of TEUL and evidence of mineralogical changes during their early life cycle in process operation.